金属钮扣色牢度测试
olour Fastness to Wet Rubbing ≥ 3 – Technical Standard Explanation
1. Definition
Test Item: Colour fastness to wet rubbing (or wet crocking)
Requirement: The test result must be ≥ Grade 3 (minimum acceptable level).
Purpose: Evaluates the resistance of dyed or printed textiles to colour transfer when rubbed in a wet state.
2. Relevant Testing Standards
This requirement is commonly specified in the following international and industry standards:
ISO 105-X12: Textiles – Tests for colour fastness – Part X12: Colour fastness to rubbing (international standard).
AATCC 8: Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method (common in the U.S.).
GB/T 3920: Chinese National Standard (equivalent to ISO 105-X12).
3. Grading Scale
Colour fastness is rated on a scale of 1 to 5 (or 1 to 8 in some standards), where:
Grade 1: Severe colour transfer (poorest performance).
Grade 3: Moderate colour transfer (minimum acceptable for many applications).
Grade 5: No colour transfer (excellent fastness).
A requirement of ≥ Grade 3 means the fabric must achieve at least Grade 3 (higher is better).
4. Applications
Apparel & Home Textiles: Ensures colour does not bleed when exposed to moisture (e.g., sweat, rain).
Export Compliance: Many countries (EU, U.S., etc.) require ≥ Grade 3 for consumer safety and quality.
Brand Specifications: Companies (e.g., Nike, IKEA) often set stricter limits (e.g., ≥ Grade 4).
5. Factors Affecting Performance
If a fabric fails to meet ≥ Grade 3, potential causes include:
Low-quality dyes or improper dyeing techniques.
Fabric type (e.g., cotton is harder to fix dyes than polyester).
Insufficient post-treatment (e.g., lack of fixing agents).
